Occupational health
The Aim of occupational health
1-To protect the workers
against any health hazards in working environmental
2- prevention and control of
health hazard to which workers my be exposed to minimize their adverse effects
Occupational health teams consist of
1-doctors 2- toxicologists 3- microbiologists 4-safety engineers
5-nurses 6- lawyers 7- epidemiologists
The occupational health hazard include:
1- Physical (noise
–vibration –heat – cold – radiation)
2-chemical (liquids – dusts –fibers – gases – vapor)
3-Biological (fungi – bacteria – viruses
4- Mechanical (posture – repetitive actions – movement)
5-psycho-social ( worry - work pressure – unsocial house )
Services of occupational health:
1- engineering services ( concerned
with environmental and factors of accidents )
2- Medical services (
pre-employment medical examination –periodic medical examination –social
&Nursing services )
accident is defined as an unplanned or unexpected occurrence caused by the fault of man machine or physical environment and causing injury or damage
causes of work injuries and accidents
1- workers are not trained to use equipments or
machines properly
2- safety regulations are not observed
3- workers are irritable tired
ill worried or hungry
Dust is: defined as solid particles from solid
particles into the air by natural forces or man-made processes
dust particles are usually in the
size range from about 1 to 100 um in diameter and they settle slowly under the
influence of gravity
types of dusts in the working environmental
1- miniral dusts 2- metallic dusts 3- organic and vegetable dusts
Dust exposure diseases
Pneumoconiosis: is the accumulation of dust in lung
and the tissue reaction to its presence
1- simple deposition: siderosis (dust iron in lung)
2- Moderate deposition:byssinosis (dust cotton and flax in lung)
3- acute deposition : silicosis ( dust crystalline silica in lung)
Types of pneumoconiosis :
Depending on the type of dust inhaled:1-coal dust caused (black lung disease)
2-cotton dust caused(brown lung disease)
Types of pneumoconiosis:
1- blak
lung disease: known as miner.s lung its caused by breathing in coal dust
2-- brown lung disease:which comes from working around dust from cotton
or other fibers
symptoms
*simple pneumoconiosis : no clinical manifestations
* complicated pneumoconiosis : (1- cough 2- lots of phlegm 3- shortness of breath )
diagnosis
*the patient my be dianosis
with pneumoconiosis
1- has
lung symptoms 2- X-RAY abnormalities 3-history
of working around(coal –asbestos – silica )
4- Routine x-ray
during the time he is employed 5-
physical examination 6- CT scan of the
chest
Treatment : can.t be cured . once
1- controlling the symptoms 2- Atreatment plan(Not smoking 3 – avoiding all dust exposure –using o2
4- taking medications that open lung
passages
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